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Saint Teresa of Ávila / Las Moradas

Sixth Dwelling.
Chapter 3.

About this chapter

Teresa encourages examining inward words through their fruits: lasting peace, humility, and a greater desire to serve God. Personal certainty calls for prudence; before acting on important matters or those affecting others, she asks that an informed confessor be consulted.

Editorial summary from the website; it is not part of Saint Teresa’s text.

Part 1

Adapted: an editorial English translation of the website’s Spanish adaptation. Original: Saint Teresa’s Spanish text (1577), preserved without translation.

Adapted text

Sixth Dwelling

Chapter 3 — Part 1 | Adapted text

God has another way of awakening the soul. Although it may seem a greater grace than the previous ones, it can also be more dangerous. For that reason I will pause to explain it.

It concerns words that the soul perceives in different ways. Some seem to come from outside; others from the soul's deepest part; others from a higher part of it; and some seem so external that they are heard as though a real voice were speaking them.

However, these words can often be a product of the imagination, especially in people with an unstable imagination or who suffer from intense melancholy.

In my opinion, no credence should be given to what these two kinds of people say, even if they insist that they see, hear, or understand certain things. But they should not be disturbed by being told it all comes from the devil either. It is best to listen to them with the consideration shown to a sick person.

The prioress or confessor to whom they tell this should advise them to pay no attention to these experiences, because they are not essential to serving God and because the devil has deceived many people in this way. However, it is best not to tell them directly that this is what is happening to them, so as not to increase the distress their condition already causes.

Nor is it helpful to tell them it is melancholy, because they will insist that they really see and hear it, since that is how they perceive it.

It is true that these people should be steered away from that kind of prayer, and encouraged not to pay attention to what they believe they see or hear. The devil can take advantage of people who are this ill, not only to harm them but also to harm others.

Therefore, in both sick and healthy people, these experiences should be treated cautiously until their source is known. At first, it is best not to give them credence. If they truly come from God, this testing will not make them disappear; on the contrary, it will confirm them and help the soul advance.

However, the person should not be pressed too hard or distressed, because they cannot prevent what they are experiencing.

Returning to what I was saying about the words the soul perceives: any of them may come from God, from the devil, or from the person's own imagination. With the Lord's favor, I will try to explain how to distinguish them and when they may be dangerous.

Among people who pray, many believe they perceive these words. Sisters, do not think you are doing wrong if you give them no credence. But neither is it necessarily wrong to believe them when they merely offer you personal consolation or point out some fault of your own. In such cases, wherever they come from, even if they are a product of the imagination, they are of no great importance.

However, I warn you of one thing: even if these words came from God, do not think that makes you better. God also spoke many times to the Pharisees. What matters is the benefit the person draws from what they hear.

And if any of these words is not entirely in agreement with Holy Scripture, give it no more credence than if you had heard it from the devil himself. Even if it comes only from a weak imagination, you must treat it as a temptation against the faith and always reject it. In this way it will eventually disappear, because it has no real power.

Returning to the previous point: it does not matter whether these words seem to come from within the soul, from its higher part, or from outside. Any of them can come from God.

In my opinion, the surest signs for recognizing this are the following:

The first and surest sign is the power and authority these words carry: they do not merely say something, but immediately produce what they announce.

For example, a soul may be full of anguish, inward confusion, darkness, and dryness. It need only hear, “Do not be troubled,” to be left in peace, filled with light and free of that affliction. Beforehand, not all the world's wise people, with all their arguments, could have consoled it.

It may also be full of fear because its confessor or other people have told it that what it experiences comes from the devil. But if it hears, “It is I; do not be afraid,” all fear disappears, and it is left so consoled and certain that no one could persuade it otherwise.

Or it may be very concerned about some serious matter, not knowing how it will end. Then it understands that it should be calm and that all will be well, and is left full of certainty and without anguish. And so it happens in many other situations.

The second sign is the great peace left in the soul. It becomes recollected, with devotion, serenity, and a desire to praise God.

Oh Lord! If a single word sent by one of Your messengers—for, they say, in this mansion these words are not spoken directly by the Lord but by an angel—has such power, what will the soul be like when it is united with You through love, and You with it?

The third sign is that these words remain in the memory for a long time, and some are never forgotten. It is not the same with words we hear from other people: even when they are wise and worthy of respect, their words are not usually so deeply impressed on us. Nor do we believe with the same certainty what they announce about the future.

These words, however, leave a very profound assurance. Even if they announce something that seems impossible, the understanding may doubt and wonder whether it will really happen; nevertheless, deep in the soul there remains a certainty that cannot be overcome. Even if everything seems to be moving in the opposite direction and many years pass, the soul remains convinced that God will find means unknown to human beings and that, in the end, what was announced will be fulfilled. And so it happens.

Nevertheless, the soul suffers at seeing so many obstacles. Since much time has passed since it received those words, and it no longer feels as intensely the effects that at the time gave it certainty that they came from God, doubts begin to appear: it wonders whether they came from the devil or its own imagination. At the moment it received them, it had none of these doubts; it would have been willing to die for the certainty that they were true.

The devil can use these thoughts to distress and discourage the soul, especially when what was announced will bring great good to other souls, serve God's honor, and be difficult to accomplish. At the very least, he tries to weaken its faith. And it does great harm to stop believing that God can perform works beyond our understanding.

Despite all these struggles, even if the confessors consulted about these things say they are nonsense, and even if everything seems to show that what was announced cannot be fulfilled, a small spark of assurance remains in the soul.

Even if all other hopes have disappeared, that certainty remains alive, and the soul could not extinguish it even if it wished.

In the end, as I have already said, the Lord's word is fulfilled. Then the soul is so content and joyful that it wishes only to praise God continually. What delights it most is not the benefit it received, however great, but seeing that what God had announced really happened.

Part 2

Adapted text

Sixth Dwelling

Chapter 3 — Part 2 | Adapted text

I do not know why the soul so strongly desires these words to prove true. I think that if the person herself were caught telling a lie, it would not hurt her as much as seeing that what she had announced was not fulfilled. And yet she has no power to make it happen, since she only repeats what she has been told.

One person often remembered the prophet Jonah when he feared appearing false because Nineveh would not be destroyed, although he had announced its destruction.

In short, if these words come from God's Spirit, it is natural for the soul to want no one to consider Him false, because God is truth itself. That is why it feels such great joy when, after many obstacles and amid very difficult circumstances, it finally sees what it was told fulfilled.

Even if the fulfillment of those words brings great suffering, the soul prefers to endure it rather than see what was announced fail to happen. Perhaps not everyone has so intense a desire for God's word to prove true. And although someone might consider that desire a weakness, I do not see it as something wrong.

If these words come from the imagination, they produce none of the signs mentioned before: they leave no certainty, peace, or inward consolation.

However, it can happen—and I know some people to whom it has happened—that, being deeply immersed in the prayer of quiet or a kind of spiritual sleep, they enter such profound recollection that they almost entirely lose awareness of what is happening around them. Their senses become so drowsy that they seem asleep, and perhaps they really are.

In that state they may believe someone speaks to them or that they see certain things, as in a dream, and think these come from God. But the effects left behind are also like those of a dream: vague and fleeting.

It can also happen that a person asks God for something with great longing and then believes they hear inwardly exactly the answer they wished to receive.

Nevertheless, in my opinion, someone with much experience in recognizing words that come from God will not confuse these imaginings with them.

There is more to fear when these words may come from the devil. However, if they show the signs I have already mentioned, there are good reasons to think they come from God.

Even so, if what has been understood concerns something important the person must do, or concerns other people's affairs, they should neither act nor make any decision without first consulting a learned, prudent confessor who serves God, however clear it seems that the words come from God.

That is what God wants. Obeying the confessor does not mean disobeying Him, because the Lord Himself has taught us to recognize in the confessor the one who guides us in His name.

If it concerns something difficult, those words may encourage the soul. And if God wishes it to be accomplished, He will also cause the confessor to recognize that it comes from Him. If the confessor does not approve it, the person is under no obligation to do it.

Acting otherwise and following one's own judgment alone seems very dangerous to me. Therefore, sisters, I warn you on the Lord's behalf never to proceed in this way.

There is another way in which the Lord speaks to the soul which, in my opinion, comes from Him with great certainty. It occurs together with an intellectual vision, which I will discuss later.

These words are perceived in the soul's innermost depths. The person feels very clearly that it is the Lord Himself who speaks inwardly, as though hearing Him with the soul's ears, but in a very secret way.

The manner in which the soul receives these words, together with the effects produced by the vision, gives it assurance that the devil cannot intervene there. Moreover, very profound effects remain that confirm this certainty. At the very least, it can be sure this is not a product of the imagination.

If the soul pays attention, it will always be able to distinguish this for the following reasons:

The first reason is the clarity with which these words are perceived. They are so clear that the person remembers exactly what they understood: they even notice whether a syllable was missing or whether something was said one way or another, even if the meaning is the same. By contrast, when something comes from the imagination, the words are not perceived with such clarity and precision, but as something half dreamed.

The second reason is that often the person was not thinking about what was said. The words arrive suddenly, even while the person is conversing with someone. It is true that they sometimes answer a recent thought or something considered earlier; but very often they concern things the person had never considered, desired, or known. Therefore, the imagination could not have invented them to deceive the person.

The third reason is that, when the words come from God, the person receives them as someone listening to another. When they come from the imagination, however, the person feels they are gradually forming what they would like to hear.

The fourth reason is that these words are very different from those our understanding can form. Sometimes, through a single word, the soul understands many things the mind could not have worked out so quickly.

The fifth reason is that, along with the words, the soul is often given to understand much more than the words express. I do not know how to explain this, because that understanding is received without words.

Later I will speak in greater detail about this way of understanding, because it is something very subtle and worthy of praise to Our Lord.

Some people who have had this experience have had many doubts and could not properly understand what was happening to them. I know a person who examined it very carefully, because the Lord granted her this grace many times. At first, her greatest doubt was whether it might all be a product of her imagination.

When it comes from the devil, it is usually recognized sooner, although he is very cunning and knows how to imitate the spirit of light. He may present very clear words, so that the person has no doubt about having understood them. But, in my opinion, he cannot imitate the effects I have already mentioned: he cannot leave that peace and light in the soul. On the contrary, he leaves restlessness and confusion.

However, the devil can do little harm, or none, if the soul is humble and follows the advice I have already given: not to make any decision or act solely on what it has understood inwardly.

If these words are favors and consolations from the Lord, the soul should pay careful attention to their effects. If receiving them makes it consider itself better than others, it should believe they do not come from God's Spirit. On the contrary, the greater the favor received, the smaller and more unworthy it should feel before God.

When a grace truly comes from God, the soul thinks less and less of itself, remembers its sins more, and concerns itself less with its own benefit. Its will and memory concentrate more on seeking God's honor alone. It is also more careful not to depart in any way from His will, and is left more convinced that it never deserved those graces, but rather hell.

If all the experiences and graces it receives in prayer produce these effects, the soul should not live in fear, but trust in the Lord's mercy. He is faithful and will not allow the devil to deceive it, although prudent caution should always be maintained.

Those whom the Lord does not guide by this path may think these souls could avoid the danger simply by ceasing to listen to those words. And if they perceive them inwardly, they could try to distract themselves so as not to receive them.

To this I reply that it is impossible. I do not mean words produced by the imagination, because those can diminish if the person stops desiring something so intensely and tries not to pay attention to what they imagine.

But when it is God who speaks, the person cannot avoid listening to Him. The Spirit Himself stops all other thoughts and compels the soul to attend to what is being said to it.

I think it would be easier not to hear someone shouting in front of a person with perfect hearing. That person could become distracted and think about something else. But here that is not possible: there are no ears that can be covered and no way to turn the mind from what is being received.

God, who could stop the sun at Joshua's request, can also stop the soul's faculties and everything happening within it. Then the soul clearly understands that this castle is governed not by itself, but by a much more powerful Lord. This produces profound devotion and humility in it.

Therefore, there is no way to avoid these words. May God grant us the grace to keep our eyes fixed only on pleasing Him and to forget ourselves, as I have already said. Amen.

May He grant that I have succeeded in explaining what I intended, and that this may guide those who undergo this experience.