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Saint Teresa of Ávila / Las Moradas

Fifth Dwelling.
Chapter 3.

About this chapter

For Teresa, union with God can also be lived by aligning our will with His, without extraordinary experiences. Its clearest sign is love of neighbour: relieving suffering, rejoicing in another person’s good, and turning good intentions into actions.

Editorial summary from the website; it is not part of Saint Teresa’s text.

Adapted: an editorial English translation of the website’s Spanish adaptation. Original: Saint Teresa’s Spanish text (1577), preserved without translation.

Adapted text

Fifth Dwelling

Chapter 3 | Adapted text

Let us return to our little butterfly and see something of what God gives in this state. It is always understood that the soul must strive to advance in serving our Lord and in knowing itself. For if it merely receives this grace and, as though already secure, becomes careless about its life and leaves the road to heaven, which is the commandments, the same thing may happen to it as to the butterfly that comes from the silkworm: it leaves seed for others to be born, but it dies.

I say it leaves seed because I am certain God does not wish so great a grace to be given in vain. Even if the soul does not benefit from it itself, God wishes it at least to benefit others.

For when those desires and virtues I have spoken of remain in the soul, as long as it perseveres in goodness it always benefits other souls; and through its own fervor, it gives fervor to others. Even if it later loses that good, the desire for others to receive spiritual benefit usually remains; and it likes to make known the graces God has granted to someone who loves and serves Him.

I have known a person to whom this happened: although she was very far astray, she liked others to benefit from the graces God had granted her, and taught the way of prayer to those who did not understand it. And she did much good, very much. Later the Lord gave her light again. It is true that she did not yet have the effects I have already described.

But how many there must be whom the Lord calls to be apostles, like Judas, drawing them close to Himself; or whom He calls to be kings, like Saul, and who afterward, through their own fault, are lost!

From this, sisters, we must learn that, to keep growing more and more and not be lost as they were, our security lies in obedience and in not departing from God's law. I say this both for those who receive such graces and for everyone else.

It seems to me that, despite everything I have said, this mansion remains somewhat obscure. And since so much is gained by entering it, we should not give the impression that those to whom the Lord does not give such supernatural things are left without hope. For true union can indeed be attained, with our Lord's favor, if we strive to seek it, having no will except one subject to God's will.

We often say that we want only to do God's will, and even believe we would die for that truth. But I tell you, and I will repeat it many times: when this is truly the case, the soul has already received this grace from the Lord.

And if it does not receive that other delightful union I spoke of earlier, it does not matter. For the most valuable part of that union comes precisely from this one: having our will surrendered to God's will.

Moreover, no one can attain that higher union without first being firmly established in this union: accepting in everything what God wills.

Oh, what a desirable union! Blessed is the soul that has attained it, for it will live at rest in this life and in the next. Nothing that happens on earth will distress it, unless it finds itself in danger of losing God or sees Him offended. Neither illness, poverty, nor deaths will distress it, except the death of someone who will be missed in God's Church. For this soul sees clearly that God knows better what He is doing than the soul knows what it desires.

We must note that there are different kinds of sorrow. Some arise from our nature, as do some joys. There are also sorrows born of charity, when we feel compassion for our neighbors, as our Lord did when He raised Lazarus.

These sorrows do not prevent the soul from being united with God's will, nor do they disturb it with a restless, unpeaceful passion lasting a long time. These sorrows pass quickly; for, as I said of joys in prayer, they seem not to reach the soul's depths, but only these senses and faculties.

They move about in these earlier mansions, but do not enter the last one, which I will discuss later. To enter that mansion requires what I have already said about the suspension of the faculties; although the Lord has the power to enrich souls by many paths and bring them to these mansions, even if not by the shortcut I have described.

But keep firmly in mind, daughters, that here too the worm must die, and this will demand more of us. In the delightful union I discussed earlier, the soul's finding itself in so new a life greatly helps it to die. But in this union of the will with God, while still living this ordinary life, we ourselves must kill that worm.

I confess that it will take as much or more effort; but it has great value, and therefore the reward will be greater if you are victorious. And we must not doubt that this is possible, because this too is true union with God's will.

This is the union I have desired all my life; this is what I always ask of our Lord, and the one that is clearest and safest.

But alas for us! How few of us must reach this union, although someone who strives not to offend the Lord and has entered religious life may think everything is already accomplished.

Oh, there are still some worms that remain unseen until, like the worm that gnawed Jonah's ivy, they have already eaten away our virtues. These worms are self-love, self-esteem, judging our neighbors even in small matters, and lack of charity toward them by not loving them as ourselves.

And although we drag ourselves through our obligations so as not to fall into sin, we are still very far from what a soul wholly united with God's will should be.

What do you think His will is, daughters? That we should be entirely perfect. For to be one with Him and with the Father, as His Majesty asked of the Father, see how much we still lack before reaching this.

I tell you I write this with great sorrow, seeing myself so far from it, and entirely through my own fault. For the Lord does not need to give us great gifts for this; what He has already given us in giving us His Son to teach us the way is enough.

Do not think it all consists in my accepting God's will so completely that I feel no grief if my father or brother dies, or in bearing hardships and illnesses with contentment. That is good, and sometimes it is also a matter of good judgment, since we can do nothing else and make a virtue of necessity.

How many such things the philosophers did; and if not these very things, then others like them, because they possessed much learning.

Here the Lord asks only these two things of us: love of His Majesty and love of our neighbor. We must work at this. By observing them perfectly, we do His will and will thus be united with Him.

But how far we are from doing these two things as we owe it to so great a God, as I have already said! May His Majesty give us grace to deserve to reach this state, which is within our power if we wish.

The surest sign, in my opinion, that we observe these two things is that we practice love of our neighbor well. For we cannot know with certainty whether we love God, although there are strong indications by which to understand that we do; but love of our neighbor can be seen.

And be certain that the more advanced you find yourselves in this love, the more advanced you will also be in love of God. For His Majesty's love for us is so great that, in return for our love of our neighbor, He will increase our love for His Majesty in a thousand ways. I cannot doubt this.

It matters greatly that we proceed with great care and examine our progress in this; for if we practice it very perfectly, we have accomplished everything. I believe that, since our nature is so poor, unless love of our neighbor springs from the root of love of God, we will not attain it perfectly.

Since this matters so much to us, sisters, let us try to know ourselves even in small things. Let us not place too much importance on those great desires that come to us all at once in prayer, when we think we would do and suffer anything for our neighbors, or to save a single soul. For if our actions afterward do not agree with those desires, there is no reason to believe we would truly do it.

I say the same about humility and every virtue. The devil's deceptions are great: he will turn hell upside down a thousand times to make us believe we possess a virtue we do not really have. And he has good reason to try, for this does great harm. These counterfeit virtues never come without some vainglory, because they spring from a bad root; whereas the virtues God gives are free of vainglory and pride.

Sometimes I see souls who, while praying, believe they would be willing to be publicly humiliated for love of God. But afterward, if they commit a small fault, they would hide it if they could; and if they did not commit it but someone attributes it to them, God preserve us from seeing their reaction.

Therefore, anyone unable to bear this should examine herself carefully and not place too much trust in what she thought she had resolved when alone. For in truth, it was not a genuine determination of the will; when the will truly resolves something, that is different. It was rather some act of imagination, and it is in the imagination that the devil plays his tricks and deceptions.

He can greatly deceive women or people without education like us, because we do not know how to distinguish properly between the faculties, the imagination, and a thousand other inward things.

Oh sisters, how clearly one can see which of you truly has love of neighbor, and which does not possess it with this perfection! If you understood how much this virtue matters to us, you would devote your efforts to nothing else.

When I see souls so diligent in understanding what kind of prayer they have, and so shut up within themselves during it that they seem not to dare move or even stir their thoughts lest they lose a little of the pleasure and devotion they have experienced, they show me how little they understand the path by which union is attained. They think everything lies there.

No, sisters, no: the Lord wants deeds. If you see a sick sister to whom you can give some relief, do not mind losing that devotion; have compassion on her. If she is in pain, let it hurt you too. And if necessary, fast yourself so that she may eat; not so much for her sake, but because you know your Lord wants this.

This is true union with His will: if you see someone greatly praised, rejoice much more than if you were praised yourself. In truth, this is easy if there is humility, because being praised would instead cause distress. But rejoicing that our sisters' virtues are recognized is a great thing. And when we see a fault in a sister, we should feel it as though it were our own and cover it over.

I have said much about this elsewhere, because I see, sisters, that if love of neighbor fails, we are lost. May the Lord grant that it never be lacking. For if this love is firm, I tell you that you will not fail to obtain from His Majesty the union I have described.

When you find yourselves lacking in this, even if you have devotion and spiritual gifts, even if you think you have already arrived, and even if you experience some brief suspension in the prayer of quiet—which will make some of you immediately think everything is accomplished—believe me: you have not attained union.

Ask our Lord to give you this love of neighbor perfectly, and leave His Majesty to act. He will give you more than you know how to desire, if you strive to practice this love in every way you can: compelling your will so that your sisters' will may be done in everything, even if you lose some of your own rights; forgetting your own good for theirs, however strongly your nature resists; and, when the occasion arises, taking on a burden to relieve your neighbor.

Do not think this will cost nothing, or that you will find it already done. Consider what the love our Bridegroom had for us cost Him: to free us from death, He died so painful a death as death on the cross.