Saint Teresa of Ávila / Las Moradas
Third Dwelling.
Chapter 1.
About this chapter
An orderly life prepares the way, but Teresa says it does not entitle us to demand consolation from God. Humility allows us to keep loving and serving through dryness in prayer, with love expressed in actions and a willingness to give ourselves.
Editorial summary from the website; it is not part of Saint Teresa’s text.Adapted: an editorial English translation of the website’s Spanish adaptation. Original: Saint Teresa’s Spanish text (1577), preserved without translation.
Adapted text
Third Dwelling
Chapter 1 | Adapted text
To those who, through God’s mercy, have overcome these struggles and entered the third dwellings through perseverance, what can we say except: ‘Blessed is the one who fears the Lord’?
It is no small thing that His Majesty has now helped me understand what this verse means in our own language, especially as I am so slow in these matters. Certainly we can rightly call that person blessed, because, unless they turn back, as far as we can understand they are on a safe path towards salvation.
Here you will see, sisters, how important it is to have overcome the earlier battles. For I am certain that the Lord never fails to give that soul a peaceful conscience, and that is no small thing.
So, when I speak of safety, understand that I do not mean there is no longer any danger, but that the soul is on the right path as long as it keeps going forward and does not turn away from God again.
What great misery it is to live this life always having to be on guard, as though we had enemies at the door. It is like being unable to sleep or eat peacefully, because there is always the fear that the enemy will find a way in and damage this fortress of the soul.
O my Lord and my good! How can one desire a life like this? A life so fragile, in which there is always the danger of turning away from you. It is natural, then, to ask you to take us out of it, unless it is to give this life for you, or truly to spend it in your service, and above all because we understand that continuing to live is your will.
If that is your will, my God, then let us die with you, as Saint Thomas said. For living without you, and living in fear of losing you for ever, is like dying many times.
That is why I say, daughters, that the true happiness we should ask for is to reach safety with the blessed, that is, with those already with God in heaven. For while we live with these fears, what complete joy can someone have whose only happiness is to please God?
Remember that this same fear, and an even greater one, was felt by some saints who later fell into grave sins. So we cannot be too confident. We have no assurance that, if we fall, God will give us special help to rise and do penance as they did.
Truly, my daughters, I write this with great fear. When I remember my own life and my failings, it strikes me so deeply that I do not know how I can write these things, or how I carry on. I remember this often.
Ask him, my daughters, that His Majesty may always live in me. For without him, what safety can there be in a life like mine, of which I have made such poor use?
Do not be distressed to know that this is true. I have sometimes seen that it pains you when I tell you, and I understand why: you would have liked me to be very holy. You are right. I would have liked that too. But what can I do, when I lost it through my own fault?
I cannot complain of God as though he had not given me enough help to become what you would have liked me to be. I cannot say this without tears and deep shame, seeing myself writing something for you when you could be teaching me.
What a demanding act of obedience this has been! May the Lord grant that, since it is done for him, it may be of some use to you, and that you may ask him to forgive this wretched, presumptuous woman.
His Majesty knows well that the only thing I can boast of is his mercy. Since I cannot undo having been what I was, I have no remedy but to draw near to that mercy and trust in the merits of his Son and of the Virgin, his Mother, whose habit I wear unworthily, just as you wear it.
Praise her, my daughters, for you truly are daughters of this Lady. You need not be ashamed that I am so poor in virtue, because you have a very good Mother.
Imitate her, and consider how great this Lady must be, and what a great good it is to have her as our patron. For neither my sins nor what I am have been enough to dim the splendour of this sacred Order.
But I want to warn you of one thing: do not feel completely secure merely because you belong to this Order and have so good a Mother.
David was very holy, and you see what happened to Solomon. Nor should you be confident merely because you live enclosed, do penance, speak continually of God, pray frequently, stay away from worldly things and believe you detest them.
All of that is good, but, as I have said, it is not enough to dispense with holy fear. So remember this verse often and keep it in your memory: ‘Blessed is the one who fears the Lord.’
I no longer quite know what I was saying, because I have wandered so far. When I remember myself, my wings are broken for saying anything good. So I prefer to leave that aside for now.
Returning to what I began to tell you about souls that have entered the third dwellings: the Lord has granted them no small grace in helping them pass through the first difficulties, but a very great one.
Through the Lord’s goodness, I believe there are many such souls in the world. These are people who greatly desire not to offend His Majesty. They guard even against venial sins, love penance, have their times of recollection, use their time well and practise works of charity towards their neighbour.
They are also very orderly in how they speak, dress and manage their household, if they have one to manage.
This is certainly a very desirable state. At first sight, there would seem to be no reason to deny them entry into the final dwelling. Nor will the Lord deny it, if they truly wish to go forward. For this is a very beautiful disposition for him to grant them every grace.
O Jesus! Who would say that she did not want so great a good, especially after already passing through the hardest part? No one. We all say that we want it.
But something more is still needed for the Lord to possess the soul entirely. Saying it is not enough, just as it was not enough for the young man in the Gospel when the Lord told him what he must do if he wished to be perfect.
Since I began to speak of these dwellings, that young man has been very present to me, because we are exactly like him. This is often the source of great dryness in prayer, although there can be other causes too.
I leave aside those inward sufferings endured by many good souls, which are very painful and do not arise through their own fault. The Lord always brings them out of those trials with great gain. I also leave aside cases of melancholy and other illnesses. In short, in all this we must leave God’s judgements to him, because he alone fully knows each soul.
What I think happens most often is this: because these souls see that they would not commit a sin for anything in the world, and many would not even knowingly commit a venial sin, and because they also see that they use their lives and possessions well, they cannot patiently bear the door being closed to them when they wish to enter where our King is. They consider themselves his vassals, and indeed they are.
But although an earthly king has many vassals, not all of them enter his chamber.
Enter, enter within, my daughters. Do not remain content with your small works. As Christians, you should already be doing all that and much more. Being God’s vassals should be enough for you. Do not demand so much, lest in wanting everything you be left with nothing.
Look at the saints who did enter this King’s chamber, and you will see the difference between them and us.
Do not ask for what you have not deserved. Indeed, it should not even cross our minds that, however much we serve, we have already earned great graces from God, after having offended him so much.
O humility, humility! At this point, I find it hard to believe that someone could attach so much importance to dryness in prayer without some lack of humility being involved.
Let me make clear that I am not speaking of the great inward sufferings I mentioned earlier. Those are something else, much deeper than simply feeling a lack of devotion.
Let us examine ourselves, my sisters. Or let the Lord examine us, for he knows very well how to do it, although we often do not want to understand.
Let us return to these orderly and upright souls. Let us see what they really do for God, and then we shall see that we have no reason to complain of His Majesty.
For if we turn our backs on him and go away sorrowful, like the young man in the Gospel, when we are shown what is needed to become perfect, what do we want His Majesty to do? God will give to us according to the truth of our love for him.
And this love, daughters, must not be something fabricated in our imagination, but something proved by deeds. Do not think that God needs our works. What he wants is the determination of our will.
We may think that because we have chosen religious life, taken the habit and left worldly things and everything we owned for God, we have already done all that is necessary. Even if what we left was little, like Saint Peter’s nets, whoever gives everything they have feels that they have given much.
That is a very good disposition, if the person perseveres in it and does not become entangled again, even in desire, in the small, harmful things of the first dwellings.
There is no doubt that, if she perseveres in that detachment and in abandoning everything for God, she will attain what she seeks.
But there is a condition, and I want you to keep it firmly in mind: she must consider herself an unprofitable servant, as the Gospel says. She must believe that what she has done has not placed Our Lord under any obligation to grant her great graces.
On the contrary: the more she has received from God, the more she remains in his debt.
For what can we do for so generous a God, who died for us, created us and gives us life? Should we not instead count ourselves blessed to be able to repay even a little of the great debt we owe him?
I say this because he spent his whole life serving us. I find it difficult to put it that way, but it is true: that is what he did while he lived in the world.
So, instead of asking him for new graces and consolations, we should feel grateful to be able to serve him and repay something of all that we owe him.
Pay close attention, daughters, to some of the things pointed out here, even though they are expressed rather confusedly, because I do not know how to explain them better.
The Lord will help you understand them. What he wants is for you to draw humility, not anxiety, from those times of dryness in prayer, because anxiety is what the devil seeks.
Believe that where there is true humility, even if God does not give that soul sensible consolations, he will give it a peace and conformity with his will that will make it live more contentedly than other souls that do receive those consolations.
For often, as you have read, the divine Majesty gives those consolations to the weaker souls. Yet those souls would probably not exchange those consolations for the strength of those who remain faithful even in dryness.
The truth is that we often prefer to feel comforted rather than carry the cross.
Test us yourself, Lord, you who know the truth of every soul, so that we may come to know ourselves.
Original text (1577)
Tercera Morada
Capítulo Uno | Texto original (1577)
A los que por la misericordia de Dios han vencido estos combates, y con la perseverancia entrado a las terceras moradas, ¿qué les diremos sino bienaventurado el varón que teme al Señor? No ha sido poco hacer Su Majestad que entienda yo ahora qué quiere decir el romance de este verso a este tiempo, según soy torpe en este caso. Por cierto, con razón le llamaremos bienaventurado, pues si no torna atrás, a lo que podemos entender lleva camino seguro de su salvación. Aquí veréis, hermanas, lo que importa vencer las batallas pasadas; porque tengo por cierto que nunca deja el Señor de ponerle en seguridad de conciencia, que no es poco bien. Digo en seguridad y dije mal, que no la hay en esta vida, y por eso siempre entended que digo <<si no torna a dejar el camino comenzado>>.
Harto gran miseria es vivir en vida que siempre hemos de andar como los que tienen los enemigos a la puerta, que ni pueden dormir ni comer sin armas, y siempre con sobresalto si por alguna parte pueden desportillar esta fortaleza. ¡Oh Señor mío y bien mío!, ¿cómo queréis que se desee vida tan miserable que no es posible dejar de querer y pedir nos saquéis de ella si no es con esperanza de perderla por Vos o gastarla muy de veras en vuestro servicio, y sobre todo entender que es vuestra voluntad? Si lo es, Dios mío, muramos con Vos, como dijo Santo Tomás, que no es otra cosa sino morir muchas veces vivir sin Vos y con estos temores de que puede ser posible perderos para siempre. Por eso digo, hijas, que la bienaventuranza que hemos de pedir es estar ya en seguridad con los bienaventurados; que con estos estos temores, ¿qué contento puede tener quien todo su contento es contentar a Dios? Y considerad que éste, y muy mayor, tenían algunos santos que cayeron en graves pecados; y no tenemos seguro que nos dará Dios la mano para salir de ellos y hacer la penitencia que ellos (entiéndese del auxilio particular.)
Por cierto, hijas mías, que estoy con tanto temor escribiendo esto, que no sé cómo lo escribo ni cómo vivo cuando se me acuerda, que es muy muchas veces. Pedidle, hijas mías, que viva Su Majestad en mí siempre; porque si no es así, ¿qué seguridad puede tener una vida tan malgastada como la mía? Y no os pese de entender que esto es así, como algunas veces lo he visto en vosotras cuando os lo digo, y procede de que quisierais que hubiera sido muy santa, y tenéis razón: también lo quisiera yo; mas, ¡qué tengo de hacer si lo perdí por sola mi culpa! Que no me quejaré de Dios que dejó de darme bastantes ayudas para que se cumplieran vuestros deseos; que no puedo decir esto sin lágrimas y gran confusión de ver que escriba yo cosa para las que me pueden enseñar a mí. ¡Recia obediencia ha sido! Plega al Señor que, pues se hace por Él, sea para que os aprovechéis de algo porque le pidáis perdone a esta miserable atrevida. Más bien sabe Su Majestad que solo puedo presumir de Su misericordia, y ya que no puedo dejar de ser la que he sido, no tengo otro remedio, sino llegarme a ella y confiar en los méritos de Su hijo y de la Virgen, Madre suya, cuyo hábito indignamente traigo y traéis vosotras. Alabadle, hijas mías, que lo sois de esta Señora verdaderamente; y así no tenéis para qué os afrentar de que sea yo ruin, pues tenéis tan buena madre. Imitadla y considerad qué tal debe ser la grandeza de esta Señora y el bien de tenerla por patrona, pues no han bastado mis pecados y ser la que soy para deslustrar en nada esta sagrada Orden.
Mas una cosa os aviso, que no por ser tal y tener tal madre estéis seguras, que muy santo era David, y ya veis lo que fue Salomón; ni hagáis caso del encerramiento y penitencia en que vivís, ni os asegure el tratar siempre de Dios y ejercitaros en la oración tan continuo y estar tan retiradas de las cosas del mundo y tenerlas a vuestro parecer aborrecidas. Bueno es todo esto, mas no basta -como he dicho- para que dejemos de temer; y así continuad este verso y traedle en la memoria muchas veces: Beatus vir, qui timet Dominum.
Ya no sé lo que decía, que me he divertido mucho y, en acordándome de mí, se me quiebran las alas para decir cosa buena; y así lo quiero dejar por ahora. Tornando a lo que os comencé a decir de las almas que han entrado a las terceras moradas, que no las ha hecho el Señor pequeña merced en que hayan pasado las primeras dificultades, sino muy grande. De éstas, por la bondad del Señor, creo hay muchas en el mundo: son muy deseosas de no ofender a Su Majestad, aun de los pecados veniales se guardan, y de hacer penitencia amigas, sus horas de recogimiento, gastan bien el tiempo, ejercítanse en obras de caridad con los prójimos, muy concertadas en su hablar y vestir y gobierno de casa, los que las tienen. Cierto, estado para desear y que, al parecer, no hay por qué se les niegue la entrada hasta la postrera morada ni se la negará el Señor, si ellos quieren, qué linda disposición es para que les haga toda merced.
¡Oh Jesús!, ¿y quién dirá que no quiere un tan gran bien, habiendo ya en especial pasado por lo más trabajoso? No, ninguna. Todas decimos que lo queremos; mas como aun es menester más para que del todo posea el Señor el alma, no basta decirlo, como no bastó al mancebo cuando le dijo el Señor que si quería ser perfecto. Desde que comencé a hablar en estas moradas, le traigo delante; porque somos así al pie de la letra, y lo más ordinario vienen de aquí las grandes sequedades en la oración, aunque también hay otras causas; y dejo unos trabajos interiores que tienen muchas almas buenas, intolerables y muy sin culpa suya, de los cuales siempre las saca el Señor con mucha ganancia, y de las que tienen melancolía y otras enfermedades. En fin, en todas las cosas hemos de dejar aparte los juicios de Dios. De lo que yo tengo para mí que es lo más ordinario es lo que he dicho; porque como estas almas se ven que por ninguna cosa harían un pecado, y muchas que aun venial de advertencias no le harían, y que gastan bien su vida y su hacienda, no pueden poner a paciencia que se les cierre la puerta para entrar adonde está nuestro rey, por cuyos vasallos se tienen y lo son. Mas aunque acá tenga muchos el rey de la tierra, no entran todos hasta su cámara. Entrad, entrad, hijas mías, en lo interior; pasad adelante de vuestras obrillas, que por ser cristianas debéis todo eso y mucho más y os basta que seáis vasallas de Dios; no queráis tanto, que os quedéis sin nada.
Mirad los santos que entraron a la cámara de este Rey, y veréis la diferencia que hay de ellos a nosotras. No pidáis lo que no tenéis merecido, ni había de llegar a nuestro pensamiento que por mucho que sirvamos lo hemos de merecer lo que hemos ofendido a Dios.
¡Oh humildad, humildad! No sé qué tentación me tengo en este caso que no puedo acabar de creer a quien tanto caso hace de estas sequedades, sino que es un poco de falta de ella. Digo que dejo los trabajos grandes interiores que he dicho, que aquellos son mucho más que falta de devoción. Probémonos a nosotras mismas, hermanas mías, o pruébenos el Señor, que lo sabe bien hacer, aunque muchas veces no queremos entenderlo; y vengamos a estas almas tan concertadas, veamos qué hacen por Dios y luego veremos cómo no tenemos razón de quejarnos de Su Majestad. Porque si le volvemos las espaldas y nos vamos tristes, como el mancebo del Evangelio, cuando nos dicen lo que hemos de hacer para ser perfectos, ¿qué queréis que haga Su Majestad, que ha de dar el premio conforme al amor que le tenemos? Y este amor, hijas, no ha de ser fabricado en nuestra imaginación, sino probado por obras; y no penséis que ha menester nuestras obras, sino la determinación de nuestra voluntad.
Parecernos ha que las que tenemos hábito de religión y le tomamos de nuestra voluntad y dejamos todas las cosas del mundo y lo que teníamos por Él (aunque sea las redes de San Pedro, que harto le parece que da quien da lo que tiene), que ya está todo hecho. Harto buena disposición es, si persevera en aquello y no se torna a meter en las sabandijas de las primeras piezas, aunque sea con el deseo; que no hay duda sino que si persevera en esta desnudez y dejamiento de todo, que alcanzará lo que pretende. Mas ha de ser con condición, y mirad que os aviso de esto, que se tenga por siervo sin provecho -como dice San Pablo, o Cristo- y crea que no ha obligado a Nuestro Señor para que le haga semejantes mercedes; antes, como quien más ha recibido, queda más adeudado. ¿Qué podemos hacer por un Dios tan generoso que murió por nosotros y nos crió y da a ser, que no nos tengamos por venturosos en que se vaya desquitando algo de lo que le debemos, por lo que nos ha servido (de mala gana dije esta palabra, mas ello es así que no hizo otra cosa todo lo que vivió en el mundo), sin que le pidamos mercedes de nuevo y regalos?
Mirad mucho, hijas, algunas cosas que aquí van apuntadas, aunque arrebujadas, que no los sé más declarar. El Señor os lo dará a entender, para que saquéis de las sequedades humildad y no inquietud, que es lo que pretende el demonio; y creed que adonde la hay de veras, que, aunque nunca dé Dios regalos, dará una paz y conformidad con que anden más contentas que otros con regalos, que muchas veces -como habéis leído- los da la divina Majestad a los más flacos; aunque creo de ellos que no los tocarían por las fortalezas de los que andan con sequedad. Somos amigos de contentos más que de cruz. Pruébanos, tú, Señor, que sabes las verdades, para que nos conozcamos.
